Cell-Out Arizona, Tucson Citizen (AUG 28, 2012)
As the August 31st deadline for award of a new private prison
contract draws near, there’s been a healthy public debate as to the
justification (or lack thereof) of the state’s plan for up to 2,000 more
medium security prison beds.
Last week,
Tucson Citizen Editor Mark Evans asked the $17 million question: “
Private prisons are not saving us money–so why do we still have them?”
Then, Craig Harris of the
Arizona Republic put out an
excellent and comprehensive analysis
of the facts–prison population is down, private prisons cost
more–contrasted with the bogus rationale touted by Department of
Corrections Director Chuck Ryan to justify their plans to go ahead with
the contracts anyway. All you Psychology Majors out there can use this
for your term papers on “cognitive dissonance.”
Even Linda Ronstadt took a shot at the for-profit prison industry on
CNN’s Situation Room
Friday. In a scathing rebuke of Gov. Brewer’s stance on immigration,
Ronstadt connected the dots for viewers on the influence of the
for-profit prison industry, which manages immigrant detention centers as
well as prisons. Ronstadt stated, “…let’s look at the money for a
minute. What Arizona is spending an awful lot of money on is private
prisons. And Chuck Coughlin and Paul [Senseman]…are two of her top
advisers. They are both lobbyists for the Correction Corporation of
America, which is the biggest — one of the prison giants, private prison
giants in the country.” At this point she was cut off by the host. Go
figure.
Finally, a broad coalition of over 50 state and national leaders and
organizations sent a letter to Governor Brewer today asking her to halt
plans for a new for-profit prison contract. The list of over 50 leaders
and organizations includes several Arizona elected officials—both
Democrat and Republican—from the state, county and city levels of
government. Also signed on to the letter are Arizona groups such as the
League of Women Voters, the NAACP, the National Organization for Women’s
Phoenix/Scottsdale chapter, and the Center for Economic Integrity.
We are posting the letter in its entirety here, along with the full list of signatories:
August 28, 2012
Dear Governor Brewer and Director Ryan,
We write as organizations and individuals, both in Arizona and
nationally, to oppose Arizona’s planned expansion of its for-profit
prison beds. We urge you to immediately cancel the 2,000-bed prison RFP
and do not award a contract for this procurement. These beds are
unnecessary and costly, and the corporations bidding for the contract
all have histories of mismanagement, abuse, and safety
problems—including several incidents in Arizona prisons already under
contract.
Firstly, Arizona does not need more prison beds,
private or otherwise. The state prison population is dropping, and this
decrease is projected to continue.[1] Furthermore, crime rates are down
and thus investing $17 million in a new facility is a poor use of the
state’s limited resources, particularly considering the crippling cuts
to vital services of the last few years.
Years of study by
the Arizona Department of Corrections reveal that for-profit prisons are
a bad bargain for state taxpayers. These studies have shown that, even
though the corporate vendors promised the facilities would save the
state money, in fact Arizona is overpaying for its private prisons. A
recent investigation showed that many private prisons are more expensive
than their state-operated counterparts. This study estimates that
Arizona taxpayers are wasting $3.5 million per year on for-profit
beds.[2]
All five of the prison corporations under
consideration have spotty records of poor management, violence and
disturbances, chronic understaffing of facilities, safety lapses, and
other problems. Perhaps most notable is Management and Training
Corporation (MTC), which manages the Kingman state prison where three
prisoners escaped in 2010, leading authorities on a two-week,
multi-state manhunt culminating in the murder of a couple vacationing in
New Mexico. Investigations after the incident revealed that the alarms
in the facility had been malfunctioning for over a year, but were never
fixed.[3]
After the escapes from Kingman, the Arizona
Department of Corrections conducted security audits of its other private
prisons. At the three GEO prisons – Florence West, Phoenix West and the
Central Arizona Correctional Facility – inspectors found such issues as
inmates having access to a control panel that could open emergency
exits; an alarm system that did not ring properly when doors were opened
or left ajar; and that staff didn’t carry out such basic security
practices as searching commissary trucks and drivers.[4] Similar
problems were uncovered at MTC’s other Arizona facility in Marana, where
inspectors also found that the swamp coolers were not working (in
August), making it hotter inside the prison than outside.[5]
Three additional corporations that do not currently have contracts with
the state of Arizona have also submitted proposals: Corrections
Corporation of America (CCA), Emerald Corrections, and LaSalle.
Corrections Corporation of America operates 6 prisons located in Arizona
that import prisoners from other states and the federal government,
including Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). A national
investigation revealed that the company’s Eloy Detention Center had the
highest number of immigrant detainee deaths of any ICE facility.[6] The
Inspector General for the State of California (which houses prisoners in
CCA’s Red Rock, La Palma, and Florence Correctional Center in Arizona)
slammed CCA in 2010 for serious security flaws and improper treatment of
inmates. Inspectors found faulty alarms and malfunctioning security
cameras, prisoners evading metal detectors, and discovered that CCA was
not checking the arrest records of employees or screening out those with
gang affiliations.[7]
Emerald’s only facility in Arizona is
an immigrant detention center in San Luis. LaSalle currently operates
prisons only in Texas and Louisiana. Both companies have had issues in
other states where they operate. For a full accounting of the problems
in all five corporations’ prisons, please see the attached “Rap Sheets,”
drawn from published news accounts.
In their efforts to
reduce operational costs, private prison managers often focus
cost-containment strategies on personnel and training, the two most
expensive aspects of incarceration. Privately managed prisons generally
minimize costs by reducing labor expenditures, including providing a
lower level of salaries, staff benefits, and professional training.
Consequently, there are higher employee turnover rates in private
prisons than in publicly operated facilities.
This trend is
reflected in Arizona’s existing private prisons. The Department of
Corrections’ Biennial Comparison Review found that, across the board,
all five of the state’s privately managed facilities had higher staff
turnover and vacancy rates than publicly managed facilities, and guards
frequently scored lower on core competency tests. GEO Group’s Phoenix
West facility had a 61% turnover rate in 2011 and MTC’s Marana prison
had a turnover rate of 56.8% that same year.[8] Deficiencies in
personnel and programming among private prison facilities can compromise
correctional operations, including basic safety and security.
Undertrained and inexperienced guards may not be prepared to handle
serious incidents. Security audits revealed that at the time of the
escapes from MTC’s Kingman prison, 80% of the staff were new or newly
promoted.[9]
There is ample evidence to suggest that
for-profit prison corporations are not accountable to the citizens and
taxpayers of Arizona. As private companies, they are not subject to the
same transparency requirements or checks and balances as the Department
of Corrections, despite the fact that they are performing the same
functions and are paid with taxpayer dollars. The public has very little
information about these facilities, or a voice in how they are run.
And as a result of the corrections budget bill passed last session,
the Department of Corrections is no longer required to conduct a
biennial comparison review of the cost and quality of these facilities,
removing the last shred of public oversight over for-profit prisons and
leaving lawmakers with little information on which to base budgetary
decisions.
This action recently prompted Arizona State
Legislator Chad Campbell to call on Arizona’s Attorney General to
initiate an investigation into possible violations of state law and/or
contract provisions requiring private prisons to save money and provide
the same or better quality of service as the Department of Corrections.
Given the Department’s own cost studies showing that for-profit prisons
are more expensive and recent investigations into safety lapses, staff
vacancies, and poor quality of service, there is substantial basis for
such an investigation. It would be unwise for Arizona to award a
contract to a corporation that may later be found to be violating state
law and/or the terms of its existing contracts.
If containing
costs is a goal, changes to sentencing and community supervision can
help to further stabilize Arizona’s prison population and avoid
unnecessary expenditures on prison expansion. The significant decline of
Arizona’s prison population is attributed in part to legislative and
probation policy changes enacted in the past few years that have
effectively reduced revocations to prison for technical violations. A
bill passed in the 2012 legislative session expanding eligibility for
diversion programs has the potential to contribute to a further decline
in prison populations. Continuing this trend with additional policy
reforms in the upcoming session could render new beds completely
unnecessary, while saving taxpayers millions and doing more to protect
public safety.
The evidence is clear: For-profit prisons are
costly, ineffective, and are not accountable to the citizens and
taxpayers of Arizona. To invest millions more in this failed enterprise
is throwing good money after bad. We urge you to show strong leadership
and stewardship of public funds. Immediately cancel the 2,000-bed prison
RFP and do not award a contract for this procurement.
We appreciate your consideration and would be pleased to provide further information.
Sincerely,
American Civil Liberties Union of Arizona
American Friends Service Committee, Arizona Office
Arizona Attorneys for Criminal Justice
Arizona Ecumenical Council
Arizona Prison Watch
Center for Economic Integrity
Citizens to Protect Globe’s Resources
David’s Hope
Justice 4 All
League of Women Voters of Arizona
NAACP, Arizona State Conference
NAACP of Maricopa County
National Organization for Women, Phoenix/Scottsdale
State Representative Cecil Ash
House Minority Leader Chad Campbell
State Representative Tom Chabin
State Representative Debbie McCune Davis
Pima County Supervisor Richard Elias
State Representative Ruben Gallego
State Representative SallyAnn Gonzales
State Representative Katie Hobbs
Tucson City Council Member Steve Kozachik
Former Arizona State Representative Phil Lopes
State Senator David Lujan
State Representative Catherine Miranda
State Representative Macario Saldate
Tucson City Council Member Regina Romero
Tucson Mayor Jonathan Rothschild
Senate Minority Leader David Schapira
State Representative Bruce Wheeler
Bishop Minerva Carcaño, Resident Bishop of the Phoenix Episcopal Area of the United Methodist Church
Billie K. Fidlin, Chair, Public Policy Commission, Arizona Ecumenical Council
Anne Morgan-Roettger, Parish Secretary, The Community of Blessed Sacrament
The Rt. Reverend Kirk Stevan Smith, The Episcopal Diocese of Arizona
Bishop Stephen Talmage, Grand Canyon Synod, Evangelical Lutheran Church in America
Mark Homan, Pima Community College Professor (Ret.)
Susan Maurer, New Jersey Department of Corrections Commissioner, Ret.
Dr. Doris Marie Provine, ASU Professor
David Wells, ASU Professor
National AdvoCare, Inc.
AFSCME
Citizens for Criminal Justice Reform
Criminon New Life, DC
Enlace
Grassroots Leadership
Human Rights Defense Center
In the Public Interest
Justice Strategies
Private Corrections Working Group
The Sentencing Project
Church of Scientology
The Disciples Justice Action Network
National Advocacy Center of the Sisters of the Good Shepherd
Presbyterian Criminal Justice Network
Samuel Dewitt Proctor Conference
Unitarian Universalist Association of Congregations
United Methodist Church, General Board of Church and Society
[1]
Janice K. Brewer, Executive Budget Summary, Fiscal Year 2013. January
2012:
http://www.azospb.gov/documents/2012/FY2013-ExecutiveBudget-Summary.pdf
[2] Isaacs, Caroline, Private Prisons: The Public’s Problem. American Friends Service Committee, February, 2012
[3] (“Prison chief says that state didn’t detect prison flaws,” Arizona Republic, 8/19/10
[4] “Security lapses found at all of Arizona’s prisons,” Arizona Republic, 6/26/11
[5]
Sonberg, Shelly. Memo to Robert Patton, “Security Assessment—MTC:
Marana and GEO: Phoenix West, Florence West, and CACF.” September 22,
2011
[6] ‘Lost and Ignored’ Tucson Weekly 2/11/10.
[7] “Prison firm optimistic about Arizona bid despite incidents,” The Arizona Republic, 8/8/11
[8]
Arizona Department of Corrections, Biennial Comparison of “Private
versus Public Provision of Services Required per ARS §41-1609.01,”
December 21, 2011
[9] Charles Ryan, “Cure Notice” memo to MTC, December 29, 2010